o-Phenylenediamine stackrel{HNO_2}{longrighta | vedclass

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(A) When $o$-phenylenediamine reacts with nitrous acid $(HNO_2)$,one of the amino groups is converted into a diazonium salt group $(-N_2^+)$. Due to t

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(A) When $o$-phenylenediamine reacts with nitrous acid $(HNO_2)$,one of the amino groups is converted into a diazonium salt group $(-N_2^+)$. Due to the proximity of the other amino group $(-NH_2)$ at the ortho position,an intramolecular nucleophilic attack occurs. The lone pair on the nitrogen of the $-NH_2$ group attacks the diazonium nitrogen,leading to the formation of a cyclic compound known as benzotriazole. The reaction proceeds as follows: $o$-Phenylenediamine $\xrightarrow{HNO_2}$ $o$-amino-benzenediazonium ion $\xrightarrow{-H_2O, -H^+}$ Benzotriazole.

$o$-Phenylenediamine $\stackrel{HNO_2}{\longrightarrow}$ '$X$'

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